<b>Purpose</b><br/>This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and patency of stents placed for symptomatic iliac vein or IVC obstruction caused by malignant tumors. Material and Methods: A total of 34 consecutive patients with malignant iliac vein or IVC obstruction underwent stent placement. We reviewed their electronic medical records, pre- and post-procedural CT scans, and angiograms retrospectively, and evaluated technical success, clinical success, and patient-based and vessel-based reocclusion rates confirmed by follow-up cross-sectional images. The reocclusion rate difference between IVC and iliac stents was also assessed. <br/><b>Results</b><br/>All patients complained of leg and/or trunk edema. The stents were placed in the following locations: IVC (n = 9); iliac veins (n = 19); and both IVC and iliac veins (n = 6). Technical success rate was 100% and the clinical success rate was 87.5% during hospitalization. Cross-sectional area of the affected thigh was significantly decreased after stent placement (mean 11.7%, p = 0.003). The median follow-up period was 65 days (Q1–Q3, 28.5–227.3; IQR, 198.8). The patient-based reocclusion rate was 42.8%. The vessel- based reocclusion rates for IVC (12.5%) tended to be lower than those of iliac veins (45.0%), though the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.194). <br/><b>Conclusion</b><br/>Stent insertion for iliac vein or IVC obstruction secondary to malignancy is technically feasible and can help to improve patients’ symptoms. IVC stents tend to achieve a higher rate of patency than iliac vein stents.

Acute SVC syndrome caused by extensive thrombosis requires prompt endovascular intervention. We report a 48-year-old female with colon cancer presenting with massive chemoport-related thrombosis involving the SVC, right atrium (RA), and bilateral brachiocephalic veins. Due to the lack of an embolic protection filter landing zone, we performed a novel plug-assisted thrombectomy (PAT) technique. A 20-mm vascular plug was positioned at the SVC-RA junction as a temporary tethered filter without detachment. Following mechanical thrombectomy, plug retrieval, and adjunctive balloon dilatation, the patient recovered and was discharged on day 12. This case demonstrates the technical feasibility of PAT as a proof-of-concept approach for embolic protection in patients with extensive SVC thrombosis where conventional filter placement is anatomically precluded.